Each trial took place one week apart, with the same stories presented each time. Study participants completed the experiment twice – once in the negative mood condition and once in the happy mood condition. "If we're in a bad mood, maybe we should do things that are more detail-oriented, such as proofreading." "We show that mood matters, and perhaps when we do some tasks we should pay attention to our mood," Lai said. They found that when participants were in a negative mood, based on their survey responses, they showed a type of brain activity closely associated with re-analysis. They then looked at how the brain reacted to the inconsistencies, depending on mood. For example, the story about driving at night would include the sentence "With the lights on, you can see less." The researchers also presented versions of the stories in which the critical sentences were swapped so that they did not fit the context of the story. That sentence was displayed one word at a time on a computer screen, while participants' brain waves were monitored by EEG, a test that measures brain waves.įor example, the researchers presented study participants with a story about driving at night that ended with the critical sentence "With the lights on, you can see more." In a separate story about stargazing, the same critical sentence was altered to read "With the lights on, you can see less." Although that statement is accurate in the context of stargazing, the idea that turning on the lights would cause a person to see less is a much less familiar concept that defies default knowledge. The participants then listened to a series of emotionally neutral audio recordings of four-sentence stories that each contained a "critical sentence" that either supported or violated default, or familiar, word knowledge. While the funny clips did not impact participants' moods, the sad clips succeeded in putting participants in a more negative mood, the researchers found. Lai and her study co-authors set out to manipulate study participants' moods by showing them clips from a sad movie – "Sophie's Choice" – or a funny television show – "Friends." A computerized survey was used to evaluate participants' moods before and after watching the clips. They scrutinize what's actually stated in a text, and they don't just fall back on their default world knowledge." "We show that when people are in a negative mood, they are more careful and analytical. But we have one brain, and the two are processed in the same brain, so there is a lot of interaction going on," Lai said. "Mood and language seem to be supported by different brain networks.
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